Would you agree with the proposition that the physical geography was Article

Would you agree with the proposition that the physical geography was the main factor in the emergence and expansion of the early large political systems of West Africa - Article Example These are the regions shared by these vast kingdoms that inhabited these areas since the ancient times. This paper seeks to establish the authenticity of the idea that physical geography was the main factor for the emergence and expansion of the political systems in this region. The values of land in relation to the economic activities of the people that live in this place are the key factors that would influence the geographical stay. The entire region share a collection of ancient and modern ways of life and the historical divisions of the periods of development from prehistory to the post independent era dictates all the activities that have been going on in the region. In the 16th century, kingdoms started building themselves up on the coast of West Africa. Ghana was to the far west, a kingdom that was ruled entirely by kings and was therefore stable. The economy of these people, which highly contributed to the specific regions they settled, was made up of iron, gold mining and agriculture. These were traded with the Berber communities from the northern part of the Sahara. To the east of Ghana kingdom, the Mande people had the Mali kingdom practicing trade. The Mali people were typically traders and this was influenced by their position along the trade routes. They occupied land between the forests and the desert. This allowed them to control trade in the Sahara region. The trade was in golden items from neighboring regions of the Ghana and therefore creating a leeway for the actual development of the slave trade. The Ghana Empire lived in a gold rich region and the king was so proud that he called himself the richest man he had ever seen. This means that he would not move his kingdom to another place or be driven away by an enemy power because of this pride and happiness of living in a gold region. Large dynasties like the Songhai were more powerful but there was more

PUBLICATION DESIGN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PUBLICATION DESIGN - Essay Example Garfield Simon (2010), states that topography is the use of design with type with the aim of communicating a message (p. 45). This is usually achieved through the use of a computer to design publications. The computer allows one to use various styles and fonts that allows the designer to achieve a more professional and appealing look of the magazine being published. In the publication â€Å"How to spend† the design of the magazine has been achieved professional standards of a modern designer. A publication needs to be clear and accessible. It also has to be to connect with its readers. This will allow the reader to scan through the pages to search for something that might intrigue them. The ‘How to Spend it’ magazine has been able to capture most vital designing elements. Contents of the magazine suit the overall objective of the magazine. As the name suggests, the magazine intends to enlighten the reader on how to spend money on most of the important things from clothing to beauty products. In addition, it has managed to show the reader some exciting places that are fun to visit. This is all with the aim of teaching the reader on how to spend his or her money wisely and enjoy life. ... Use of heading such as ‘digging deeper’ creates as sense of spending it to the last possible coin. Therefore, this matches the intention of the magazine which is to ensure the reader develops a taste for things advertised in the magazine. The ‘How to Spend it’ magazine features other characteristics that are important to the customer. Baines & Haslam (2005) believe that the designer of the magazine shifts from the normal format of designing to the loop format of designing which is very important when designing a publication (pg 45). By deviating from the usual ways of spending ones’ money, he highlights unique ways through which one can try spending. For example, he does not concentrate on the usual items that most people consider relevant and at most times end up buying. Most females will spend their income on items like handbags and designer shoes and such items as is evident by most of them. On the other hand, men will spend on watches and expensiv e clothes. However, the design of the magazine seems to avoid what is normal for most people and introduces new ways one can spend his or her money. Rather than concentrating on handbags and designer wear including ornaments, he majors on travelling and engaging in activities that require money such as mountain climbing and skiing. This strategy makes the reader to consider how he or she spends his or her money by trying such unique things as compared to the things he or she has already bought. There is significant use of texts in headings that catch the reader’s attention. The magazine features headings of different sizes and styles. The headings in most parts of the magazine are used appropriately to capture the reader’s